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Wheelchair Ramp Design and Construction

A ramp for wheelchairs can be a valuable tool to help the person you love independently at home. If they are not designed correctly they could be dangerous to use.

ADA regulations require landings to must be level with any change in direction, to avoid compound slopes. They also require a surface that is gripping for wheelchair users.

Design

The ramp's design must meet the Americans with Disabilities Act standards to allow wheelchairs to navigate the structure easily. The ramp's slope shouldn't exceed a ratio of 1:12, and the landings have to be level at any change in direction or shift in the ramp's surface. It also must be constructed from treated lumber that is more robust and weathers precipitation far better than untreated lumber.

The ramp's top and bottom must be free of obstacles like trees or bushes, or any other structures which could interfere with the user's safe passage. The ramp's surface must be non-slip and hard. Some municipalities require that the entire ramp be coated with an anti-slip surface.

For the frame of the ramp Choose treated lumber that is at least 4 inches wide. Create posts to anchor the ramp, making sure they are at least eight feet apart, and that they extend below the level of the ground. Spindles are the best way to connect the posts to the ramp's railings. This type of connection is preferred since it reduces the risk of the ramp operator falling off the edge of the ramp.

Then, you can build the ramp's frame using beams 2 by 4 inches in size and Joists that are at least 16 inches long. Make sure that the joists are a minimum of 18 inches above the ground and that they're secured with hangers for joists, which are nails that bind the inside of the joists and prevent them from slipping out of alignment. Attach the ramp decking using a framing nailer.

Create an upper landing in the doorway, allowing 10ft wheelchair ramp occupants to manage the doorswing without difficulty. This landing should have 12 to 24 inches on the handle side of out-swinging doors. For doors that swing in, the landing must be at minimum 58 by 60 inches to accommodate the door's threshold and a person using wheelchair who has to walk backwards through the doorway.

Install a level landing when you change the direction of the ramp, to avoid wheelchairs from having their brakes into corners. A level landing makes it simpler to remove a ramp of the way if required, so that equipment like lawnmowers can be able to pass underneath it.

Materials

The materials used to construct a wheelchair ramp can be made of wood, concrete or aluminum. A professional ramp installer will help you select the most suitable option for your home or office. When choosing the material for the ramp, it is important to take into account your budget and requirements. The ramp must also be easy to maintain and safe for use. Some cities require that the ramp be laid with a non-slip surface.

Be sure to inquire with your local government for permits before you begin building or purchasing any materials. Also, be certain to follow the local building codes. Making use of the incorrect materials or methods of construction can result in dangerous conditions for wheelchair users. You can find the most current construction regulations in your local government building department or library, or on the internet.

Wood ramps are often the least expensive option for ADA ramp materials. However they require more care. The surface of wood ramps must be regularly treated with a sealer to avoid warping and rot. Wood can splinter and can be hazardous for those using wheelchairs. Wood ramps can also need additional support in order to maintain the structure.

Concrete ramps are extremely durable and long-lasting However, they can be costly. They are heavy, which means more labor is required to install them, and they can make it difficult to move the ramp once no longer needed. Concrete ramps can withstand the weight of heavy power wheelchairs.

Aluminum ramps for wheelchairs for vans are lighter than steel or concrete however they offer the same strength and resistance to corrosion. They are also cheaper than iron or steel which makes them an excellent choice for those on a limited budget. Aluminum is environmentally friendly since it is found in the earth's crust naturally and can be recycled.

The upper ramp's landing should be level or within 3/8 inch of the door threshold to allow for the smaller front wheels of wheelchairs to pass over it without becoming stuck. Ramps that have gaps greater than this won't meet ADA standards. It is also important to ensure that the ramp moves smoothly between the landing area and the ground surface. The last section of the ramp should be a a beveled transition to avoid the abrupt stop of wheelchairs when they enter or exit a dwelling.

Installation

A ramp for wheelchairs is an inclined plane that is installed on top of or instead of stairs. It allows wheelchair folding ramp users as well as those who use strollers or carts to get into areas that are otherwise difficult to access.

When choosing a wheelchair accessible ramp, there are a variety of aspects to take into consideration, including the location, height, and price. A ramp should be located near the door as possible to prevent unnecessary journeys. It should be set at a level that is easily accessed by the person who is using it. It should be firmly anchored to the floor and clear of any obstructions such as shrubbery, parked cars or other obstacles.

ADA regulations require that ramps are equipped with handrails either side. The rails must be at least 36" apart and have a smooth or rounded gripping surface. They must also be anchored to the edge of the ramp, and extend 12 inches beyond the ramp. Handrails must be continuous if the ramp is designed with switchbacks or an L-shaped layout.

The length of a ramp is contingent on the slope, however there are a few standard ramp types that can be used in all situations. For instance the threshold ramp is directly on the lip of a curb, or the threshold of a doorway while portable ramps for electric wheelchairs ramps can be moved from one spot to another and are available in many different sizes. Modular aluminum ramps can be constructed on-site. These are usually used in public or commercial spaces and are usually longer than the threshold and portable ramps.

Contact your city's construction department to determine if a permit is required for a permanent wheelchair ramps ramp. It is also advisable to speak with a mobility wheelchair ramps specialist about the kind of ramp that works best for your needs and space. In certain situations the installation of permanent ramps can increase the value of your home.

Maintenance

It is important to maintain your wheelchair ramp, especially if it will be used regularly. It is essential to conduct regular inspections and address any structural issues as they occur. This will ensure that the ramp meets all ADA requirements, and is safe for all users.

Regular cleaning of wooden ramps is essential to get rid of dirt and other debris that can hinder access. Cleanliness of the ramp will also prevent moisture from accumulating under the surface and causing the onset of rot. Wood preservatives and stains only work effectively if the ramp is completely clean prior to application.

Wheelchair ramps are more challenging to maintain than other types of ramps, as they are more susceptible to wear and tear. It is crucial to have the right tools. A good set of gauge spanners and screwdrivers is essential for making sure all fixings are secure and secure. It's also important to check regularly the handrails to ensure they are in a good condition and are free of damage or corrosion. It is possible that over time, with repeated usage some of the fittings and bolts which hold the handrails in place may loosen, which can be an extremely dangerous risk for those using the ramp.

Another important factor is ensuring the surface of the ramp is grippy, especially during winter when conditions may be a challenge. You'll need to sweep away any leaves, dirt and other debris that could hinder the surface and cause slippage. Additionally, you'll need to apply a non-corrosive ice melt on the ramp surface before winter arrives to avoid slips and injury.

Think about buying "snow tires" or traction wheels for your wheelchair if you intend to use it during the winter. These are specifically designed to offer better tracking on snow and uneven surfaces and are therefore more effective than standard wheelchair tires at aiding you to stay on the ramp. Alternately, you can put heating pads or tape along the ramp surface to help melt ice and snow before it accumulates.